Kaliner M, Orange R P, Austen K F
J Exp Med. 1972 Sep 1;136(3):556-67. doi: 10.1084/jem.136.3.556.
The immunologic release of histamine and slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from human lung tissue can be enhanced by stimulation with either alpha adrenergic agents (phenylephrine or norepinephrine in the presence of propranolol) or cholinergic agents (acetylcholine or Carbachol). The finding that atropine prevents cholinergic but not comparable alpha adrenergic enhancement is consistent with the view that cholinergic and alpha adrenergic agonists interact with separate receptor sites on the target cells involved in the immunologic release of chemical mediators. The consistent qualitative relationship between the antigen-induced release of mediators and the level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) as measured by the isolation of (14)C-labeled cyclic AMP after incorporation of adenine-(14)C into the tissues or by the cyclic AMP binding protein assay suggests that changes in the level of this cyclic nucleotide mediate adrenergic modulation of the release of histamine and SRS-A. The addition of 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) produces an enhancement of the immunologic release of mediators while dibutyryl cyclic AMP is inhibitory. As cholinergic-induced enhancement was not associated with a measurable change in the levels of cyclic AMP, the possibility is suggested that cyclic GMP may be the intracellular mediator of cholinergic-induced enhancement of the immunologic release of histamine and SRS-A.
α肾上腺素能药物（在普萘洛尔存在下的去氧肾上腺素或去甲肾上腺素）或胆碱能药物（乙酰胆碱或卡巴胆碱）刺激可增强人肺组织中组胺和过敏反应慢反应物质（SRS - A）的免疫释放。阿托品可阻止胆碱能介导的增强作用，但不能阻止类似的α肾上腺素能介导的增强作用，这一发现与胆碱能和α肾上腺素能激动剂与参与化学介质免疫释放的靶细胞上不同受体位点相互作用的观点一致。通过将腺嘌呤 - ¹⁴C掺入组织后分离（¹⁴C标记的）环磷酸腺苷（环AMP）或通过环AMP结合蛋白测定法所测得的介质抗原诱导释放与环磷酸腺苷（环AMP）水平之间持续存在的定性关系表明，这种环核苷酸水平的变化介导了组胺和SRS - A释放的肾上腺素能调节。添加8 - 溴环磷酸鸟苷（环GMP）可增强介质的免疫释放，而二丁酰环AMP则具有抑制作用。由于胆碱能诱导的增强作用与环AMP水平的可测量变化无关，则提示环GMP可能是胆碱能诱导组胺和SRS - A免疫释放增强的细胞内介质。
