Trotter M, Hixon B B, MacDonald B J
Am J Anat. 1977 Sep;150(1):109-27. doi: 10.1002/aja.1001500108.
A cross-sectional sample of 151 skulls from Macaca mulatta of known age and similar rearing in U.S. Primate Centers was analyzed to determine age-related "norms" of stages of development and size of teeth. The stages of development from the follicle of a deciduous incisor in the fetus to completion of the root with apex closed of the permanent third molar were related to age. The age range observed for eruption of each tooth was noted and related to its stage of development. The crown of each erupted tooth was found to be completely developed, but growth of its root continued for a longer, indeterminate period. When a deciduous tooth was exfoliated, the crown of the permanent successor was found to be completed and root growth had begun. Measurements of both mesiodistal and faciolingual diameters and of crown length of the teeth in situ and of total length and root length on roentgenograms were examined for sexual dimorphism. The faciolingual diameter of the deciduous mandibular second incisor and of both second molars showed the greatest sexual dimorphism among both diameters of all deciduous teeth. The mesiodistal and faciolingual diameters of the mandibular premolars were found to be the best dimensions in discriminant functions for identifying sex in the absence of permanent canines.
对来自美国灵长类动物中心、已知年龄且饲养条件相似的151只猕猴头骨的横断面样本进行了分析，以确定与年龄相关的牙齿发育阶段和大小的“标准”。从胎儿乳牙切牙的牙囊到恒牙第三磨牙根尖闭合牙根完成的发育阶段与年龄相关。记录了每颗牙齿萌出的观察年龄范围，并将其与其发育阶段相关联。发现每颗萌出牙齿的牙冠已完全发育，但其牙根生长会持续较长的不确定时间。当乳牙脱落时，发现恒牙继任者的牙冠已完成，牙根生长已经开始。对原位牙齿的近远中径、颊舌径、牙冠长度以及X光片上的总长度和牙根长度进行测量，以检查性别差异。在所有乳牙的直径中，乳牙下颌第二切牙以及两颗第二磨牙的颊舌径显示出最大的性别差异。发现在没有恒牙尖牙的情况下，下颌前磨牙的近远中径和颊舌径是判别函数中识别性别的最佳尺寸。
