Safarpoor Mohammad, Asfaram Arash, Ghaedi Mehrorang, Dinarvand Rassoul
Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Nov 28;15(1):42722. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-26754-y.
Prostate cancer (PSA) is among the leading causes of men's deaths worldwide and needs extremely sensitive and cost-effective diagnostic tools. In this study, an electrochemical immunosensor enhanced by polyaniline-loaded MXene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles (PANI@TiC MXene Quantum dots-Au NPs) was constructed for highly sensitive prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection at femtogram levels. The sensor employs VC MXene quantum dots gold-nanoparticle-decorated as signal tags to remarkably enhance electron transfer efficiency and detection sensitivity. A sandwich immunoassay strategy using MXene quantum dots gave superior selectivity and quantitation accuracy of PSA. The optimized immunosensor exhibited a large linear detection range of 2 fg mL -2 pg mL with a fantastic detection limit of 0.61 fg mL. Electrochemical characterization was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to confirm successful sensor fabrication and electron transfer dynamics, while differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed for quantitative detection of PSA. Human serum sample validation demonstrated the clinical applicability of the platform with the presence of high specificity, reproducibility, and analytical stability. The findings place MXene quantum dots as serious contenders for next-generation biosensing technologies with a robust, scalable approach to early diagnosis of prostate cancer.
前列腺癌是全球男性死亡的主要原因之一，需要极其灵敏且经济高效的诊断工具。在本研究中，构建了一种由负载聚苯胺的MXene量子点和金纳米粒子（PANI@TiC MXene量子点 - Au NPs）增强的电化学免疫传感器，用于飞克级水平的高灵敏度前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测。该传感器采用装饰有VC MXene量子点金纳米粒子作为信号标签，以显著提高电子转移效率和检测灵敏度。使用MXene量子点的夹心免疫分析策略赋予了PSA卓越的选择性和定量准确性。优化后的免疫传感器呈现出2 fg mL - 2 pg mL的大线性检测范围，检测限低至0.61 fg mL。采用循环伏安法（CV）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）进行电化学表征，以确认传感器的成功制备和电子转移动力学，同时采用差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）对PSA进行定量检测。人血清样本验证证明了该平台在高特异性、重现性和分析稳定性方面的临床适用性。这些发现使MXene量子点成为下一代生物传感技术的有力竞争者，为前列腺癌的早期诊断提供了一种强大、可扩展的方法。
