Feng Song, Khan Rashid, Lee Seongeun, Kim Seon Joon, Kim Taesung, Lee Yi Jae
Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon-si, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2025 Dec 1;289:117888. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.117888. Epub 2025 Aug 14.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Although prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used for PCa screening, it lacks specificity for distinguishing PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). β-2-microglobulin (β2m) is a sensitive biomarker for malignant tumors and can complement the PSA for improved diagnostic accuracy. In this study, a non-invasive dual-biomarker electrochemical immunosensor was developed for urinary detection of PSA and β2m. A gold electrode was modified with MXene deposition and PEDOT:PSS electropolymerized on MXene, then functionalized with PSA and β2m antibodies. The composite MXene/PEDOT:PSS (MX/PP) electrode enabled sensitive detection through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which achieved detection limits of 4.96 × 10 ng/mL for PSA and 1.1 × 10 ng/mL for β2m. A wide linear range (approximately 0.01-600 ng/mL) was demonstrated for both the biomarkers in urine. The sensor exhibited high selectivity, reproducibility, stability, and effective differentiation between PCa and BPH. The MX/PP interface provided enhanced conductivity and surface area for antibody functionalization. This simple dual immunosensor offers a promising platform for the non-invasive, accurate, and early diagnosis of prostate cancer.
前列腺癌（PCa）是全球男性中第二常见的癌症。尽管前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）广泛用于前列腺癌筛查，但它在区分前列腺癌与良性前列腺增生（BPH）方面缺乏特异性。β-2-微球蛋白（β2m）是恶性肿瘤的一种敏感生物标志物，可补充PSA以提高诊断准确性。在本研究中，开发了一种用于尿液中PSA和β2m检测的非侵入性双生物标志物电化学免疫传感器。用MXene沉积修饰金电极，并在MXene上进行PEDOT:PSS电聚合，然后用PSA和β2m抗体进行功能化。复合MXene/PEDOT:PSS（MX/PP）电极通过电化学阻抗谱（EIS）实现了灵敏检测，PSA的检测限为4.96×10 ng/mL，β2m的检测限为1.1×10 ng/mL。两种生物标志物在尿液中的线性范围都很宽（约0.01-600 ng/mL）。该传感器具有高选择性、重现性、稳定性，并且能够有效区分前列腺癌和良性前列腺增生。MX/PP界面为抗体功能化提供了增强的导电性和表面积。这种简单的双免疫传感器为前列腺癌的非侵入性、准确和早期诊断提供了一个有前景的平台。
