[Sports and breathing (author's transl)].

The effect of physical training on pulmonary function and the changes in pulmonary parameters during physical exertion is described. Respiratory mechanics, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume and related variables are of less importance in judging the state of physical fitness and training condition. On the other hand, ventilation, respiratory gas exchange and regulation of breathing are important. Continuous analysis of alveolar and arterial partial pressures of gas and measurement of diffusion capacity may improve the assessment of the exercise test and physical fitness. Regular physical training may be of increasing significance for the rehabilitation of patients with chronic lung diseases.