Barkin R M
Health Serv Rep. 1974 Jan-Feb;89(1):31-6.
A significant constraint on new categories of health manpower is the absence of statutory legitimation of their roles. Licensure has been evolved as an effort to assure high-quality health care, but recently it has been a barrier to effective and innovative use of manpower. Medical and Nurse Practice Acts generally define the practices of medicine and nursing, but they do not define clearly the scope of these practices. Thus, these acts subject physicians to undue risks in delegating responsibilities and Type A assistants (nurses or non-nurses with special training) to undue risks in accepting those functions. Furthermore, only vague guidelines are provided to protect the public and to assure adequate quality control. To date, 35 States have enacted legislation to provide statutory legitimation of Type A assisants and to permit physicians to delegate appropriate responsibilities to new types of health manpower. It is hoped that this legislation will diminish barriers to effective use of health manpower.
对新型卫生人力的一个重大限制是其角色缺乏法定合法性。执照发放制度的发展是为了确保高质量的医疗保健，但最近它却成为有效和创新利用人力的障碍。《医疗和护士执业法》通常对医疗和护理实践进行了界定，但并未明确界定这些实践的范围。因此，这些法案使医生在 delegating responsibilities 时面临不当风险，也使A型助理（经过特殊培训的护士或非护士）在承担这些职责时面临不当风险。此外，仅提供了模糊的指导方针来保护公众并确保充分的质量控制。迄今为止，35个州已颁布立法，为A型助理提供法定合法性，并允许医生将适当的职责委托给新型卫生人力。希望这项立法将减少有效利用卫生人力的障碍。 （注：原文中“delegating responsibilities”可能有误，结合语境推测可能是“delegating responsibilities”，意为“委托职责” ）
