肾脏中的谷胱甘肽周转；与γ-谷氨酰循环及氨基酸转运相关的考量
Glutathione turnover in the kidney; considerations relating to the gamma-glutamyl cycle and the transport of amino acids.
作者信息
Sekura R, Meister A
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Aug;71(8):2969-72. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.8.2969.
Abstract
The overall turnover of glutathione in kidney and liver was determined in studies in which L-[(14)C]glutamate was administered to mice. Turnover was much more rapid (about 5 times greater) in kidney than in liver. Studies were also carried out in which 5-oxo-L-[(14)C]proline was administered; the first order rate constants for glutathione synthesis from 5-oxoproline in liver and kidney were not far from those found for synthesis of glutathione from glutamate in these tissues. The findings are in accord with the fact that the activities of the enzymes of the gamma-glutamyl cycle are much higher in kidney than in liver. The findings of high turnover of glutathione in kidney and the rapid utilization of 5-oxoproline by this organ for glutathione synthesis are consistent with the function of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in vivo and the proposed role of gamma-glutamyl derivatives in amino-acid transport.
摘要
在给小鼠注射L-[(14)C]谷氨酸的研究中，测定了肾脏和肝脏中谷胱甘肽的总周转率。肾脏中的周转率比肝脏快得多（约快5倍）。还进行了给小鼠注射5-氧代-L-[(14)C]脯氨酸的研究；肝脏和肾脏中由5-氧代脯氨酸合成谷胱甘肽的一级速率常数与这些组织中由谷氨酸合成谷胱甘肽的速率常数相差不大。这些发现与γ-谷氨酰循环酶在肾脏中的活性远高于肝脏这一事实相符。肾脏中谷胱甘肽周转率高以及该器官迅速利用5-氧代脯氨酸合成谷胱甘肽的发现，与γ-谷氨酰循环在体内的功能以及γ-谷氨酰衍生物在氨基酸转运中的假定作用是一致的。
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