Nistal M, Paniagua R, Herruzo A
Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol. 1977 Dec 30;26(2):111-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02889540.
A case is presented of an infertile male whose spermatozoa showed low mobility, a high percentage of irregular large heads and a variable number of tails (between 0 and 4). In the spermatozoa with several tails each axoneme, surrounded by its own outer fibres and mitochondrial sheath, arose from its own basal plate. Throughout the middle piece of every spermatozoon all the axonemes were arranged in parallel and were enclosed by the same plasma membrane. Usually, at the beginning of the principal piece, the axonemes became separated. At this level each of them constituted a different tail. In most spermatozoa the fine structure of the tail or tails was normal. The alterations of the inner structure of the tail or tails was normal. The alterations of the inner structure of the flagellum observed in some spermatozoa (enlargement of the fibrous sheath, duplication of the outer fibres and of some peripheral doublets) were independent of the number of tails present. In some cases, an intracytoplasmic coiling of the tail or tails could be observed.
本文报告一例不育男性病例，其精子活力低，大头畸形比例高，尾部数量不一（0至4条）。在有多条尾部的精子中，每条轴丝由其自身的基底板发出，周围有其自身的外纤维和线粒体鞘。在每个精子的中段，所有轴丝平行排列，并被同一质膜包裹。通常，在主段开始时，轴丝分开。在此水平上，每条轴丝构成一条不同的尾部。大多数精子中，一条或多条尾部的精细结构正常。在一些精子中观察到的鞭毛内部结构改变（纤维鞘增大、外纤维和一些外周双联体重复）与尾部数量无关。在某些情况下，可观察到一条或多条尾部在细胞质内盘绕。
