Perotti M E, Giarola A, Gioria M
J Reprod Fertil. 1981 Nov;63(2):543-9. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0630543.
An infertile man presented a spermiogram in which 100% of the spermatozoa displayed separation of head from tail at the level of the proximal centriole. Most tails were normally structured and ended anteriorly with the proximal centriole covered by a continuous plasma membrane. In a small percentage of tails a rudimentary connecting piece was surrounded by a minute cytoplasmic mass and the middle piece was missing, whereas the chromatoid body and the spindle-shaped body were still present. Finally, a few tails had a large cytoplasmic mass surrounding either regular connecting and middle pieces or a rudimentary connecting piece continuous with the main piece. Tails of the first type had good forward motility, although the pattern of movement appeared altered. The other types were immotile or motile but without forward progression. In the loose heads the implantation fossa had failed to differentiate. The separation of heads from tails appeared to be the result of a specific morphogenetic defect and took place at different stages of spermatid differentiation, giving rise to the structurally different types of tails.
一名不育男性的精子图谱显示，100%的精子在近端中心粒水平出现头部与尾部分离。大多数尾部结构正常，前端以被连续质膜覆盖的近端中心粒结束。在一小部分尾部中，一个发育不全的连接段被微小的细胞质团包围，中段缺失，而类染色质体和纺锤体仍存在。最后，少数尾部有一个大的细胞质团，围绕着正常的连接段和中段，或者围绕着与主段相连的发育不全的连接段。第一种类型的尾部有良好的向前运动能力，尽管运动模式似乎有所改变。其他类型的尾部不活动或活动但没有向前推进。在松散的头部中，植入窝未能分化。头部与尾部的分离似乎是一种特定形态发生缺陷的结果，发生在精子细胞分化的不同阶段，产生了结构不同的尾部类型。
