Adaptation to cycloheximide of macromolecular synthesis in Tetrahymena.

Cycloheximide (CHI) at 10 ng/ml partially inhibited protein synthesis in exponential cultures of Tetrahymena Sp. At 20 ng/ml or greater, inhibition was complete. When protein synthesis was inhibited to any extent, cell division ceased immediately. In all instances where measured, synthesis of RNA and DNA also ceased. After a period of delay, cellular functions reinitiated in the order: (i) protein synthesis, (ii) DNA synthesis and, (iii) RNA synthesis and cell division. The delay in cell division was divided into three phases of: I, zero; II, low; and, III; fully recovered rates of exponential protein synthesis. The length of the three phases increased with increasing concentration of CHI. Prior growth of cells for one generation in the presence of 7.5 ng/ml CHI (facilitation) eliminated phase I and slightly decreased phases II and III following subsequent challenge with an inhibitory concentration of CHI. Facilitation for six generations further decreased phases II and III. Protein synthesis and cell division were not inhibited during facilitation. In the culture, succinate dehydrogenase activity did not increase during the delay but increased normally at the onset of division. In contrast, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity continued to increase for an hour after inhibition of protein synthesis, was constant for a period and did not increase again until an hour after reinitiation of cell division and RNA synthesis. Inhibition of division of all cells was immediate and reinitiation of synthesis and cell division was non-synchronous.