Hakim J, Gipouloux J D
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1978 Apr;44:113-9.
Simultaneous inversion of the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes of the lateral mesoblast in the early toad neurula leads to the total agenesis of the urogenital organs. The experimental results show that the lateral mesoblast is unable to undergo self-differentiation, and that three factors at least are required for the formation of the urogenital blastemata. The mesoblast must be competent: only the posterior (dorsal, but also ventral) part of the lateral mesoderm is endowed with this competence. It must receive two stimulating influences, from the cordomesoblast on the one hand, and from the dorsocaudal endoblast on the other hand.
在早期蟾蜍神经胚中，外侧中胚层前后轴和背腹轴同时反转会导致泌尿生殖器官完全缺失。实验结果表明，外侧中胚层无法进行自我分化，并且泌尿生殖胚基的形成至少需要三个因素。中胚层必须具备分化能力：只有外侧中胚层的后部（背部，但也包括腹部）具备这种能力。它必须受到两种刺激影响，一方面来自脊髓中胚层，另一方面来自背尾内胚层。
