Richie J P, Withers G, Ehrlich R M
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1979 Mar;148(3):355-7.
Carcinoma metastatic to the ureter is uncommon, only 160 patients having been reported upon to date. During a ten year period, 82 patients with ureteral obstruction, secondary to metastatic disease, were seen at the UCLA Hospital. A critical analysis of the records of these patients revealed important clinical and diagnostic criteria to aid in the evaluation and treatment of extrinsic ureteral obstruction. Tumors of the cervix, prostate, breast and colon-rectum were the most common primary lesions to metastasize to the ureter. Subtle changes in urinary symptoms or in laboratory values should alert the physician to the possibility of ureteral involvement. Early detection of metastatic ureteral obstruction prior to the ravages of uremia may allow time for more aggressive use of adjuvant therapeutic modalities that would, at a later stage of the disease, be ineffectual or contraindicated.
输尿管转移性癌并不常见，迄今为止仅报道过160例患者。在十年期间，加州大学洛杉矶分校医院共接诊了82例因转移性疾病继发输尿管梗阻的患者。对这些患者的病历进行的批判性分析揭示了重要的临床和诊断标准，有助于对外源性输尿管梗阻进行评估和治疗。子宫颈、前列腺、乳腺和结肠直肠癌是最常见的转移至输尿管的原发性病变。尿路症状或实验室值的细微变化应提醒医生注意输尿管受累的可能性。在尿毒症造成严重破坏之前早期发现转移性输尿管梗阻，可能会有时间更积极地使用辅助治疗手段，而这些手段在疾病后期可能无效或禁忌使用。
