Relationship between community environments and resident changes in adaptive behavior: a path model.

The relationship between environmental ratings of community homes using factor scores derived from Wolfensberger and Glenn's Program Analysis of Service System (PASS) and changes in adaptive behavior of residents living in those facilities was investigated. A path analysis was used to relate resident characteristics, e.g. age, IQ, and initial score on adaptive behavior, with six PASS environmental ratings and both of these sets of variables with average annual change in adaptive behavior over a 3-year period. The results showed that a number of PASS scores were significantly associated with positive change in adaptive behavior for specified types of residents. The most general finding was that older, less retarded residents improved in all aspects of adaptive behavior in conjunction with positive ratings on items dealing with comfort and deployment of staff, access to the home, local proximity of services, and blending with the neighborhood.