Cappel R, Schluederberg A, Gifford R H, Horstmann D M
J Exp Med. 1974 Mar 1;139(3):497-511. doi: 10.1084/jem.139.3.497.
A precipitating antigen, rho, was first detected in the blood of persons with rubella and in rubella virus-infected cell culture fluids (1). Partially purified antigens from both sources were examined and shown to have similar properties, although antigen from serum sedimented more heterogeneously, with estimated coefficients from 15 to 21 S, while that from culture fluids sedimented in the 11-14 S region. In each case, antigen was located in the beta-1 zone after electrophoresis in agarose, and at a density of 1.305 g/ml after centrifugation in CsCl. Stability characteristics were typical of protein antigens. Immunofluorescent microscopy revealed that rubella virus induced the appearance of rho antigen scattered throughout the cytoplasm of infected cells. When cells containing antigen were exposed for 24 h to 5 microg/ml actinomycin D rho was no longer detectable, indicating the probable cellular origin of the antigen. Also, titers in medium of infected cultures showed a reduction after actinomycin treatment, but levels of the virus-specified antigen, iota, were relatively unaffected. Rho appears to be a protein common to man and many animals. In vitro, it was induced by rubella virus and by adenovirus. In vivo, rho titers were shown to be elevated after rubella virus infection and, to a lesser extent, after infection with certain other viruses. High titers were also demonstrated in women late in pregnancy and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In man and the chimpanzee, the appearance and decline of rho in the blood after rubella virus infection were temporally similar to the patterns of CRP, although rho seemed to be a more sensitive indicator of infection. The data presented indicate that rho is a newly recognized acute phase protein inducible by certain virus infections and by other unidentified stimuli present prominently in pregnancy and rheumatoid arthritis.
一种沉淀抗原，ρ，最初在风疹患者的血液以及风疹病毒感染的细胞培养液中被检测到（1）。对来自这两种来源的部分纯化抗原进行了检测，结果显示它们具有相似的特性，不过血清来源的抗原沉降更为不均一，估计沉降系数在15至21 S之间，而培养液来源的抗原沉降在11 - 14 S区域。在每种情况下，抗原在琼脂糖凝胶电泳后位于β - 1区，在氯化铯中离心后密度为1.305 g/ml。其稳定性特征是蛋白质抗原的典型特征。免疫荧光显微镜检查显示，风疹病毒诱导ρ抗原出现在被感染细胞的整个细胞质中。当含有抗原的细胞暴露于5微克/毫升放线菌素D 24小时后，ρ抗原就不再能被检测到，这表明该抗原可能起源于细胞。此外，经放线菌素处理后，感染培养物培养基中的滴度有所降低，但病毒特异性抗原ι的水平相对未受影响。ρ似乎是人和许多动物共有的一种蛋白质。在体外，它可由风疹病毒和腺病毒诱导产生。在体内，风疹病毒感染后ρ滴度会升高，在较小程度上，某些其他病毒感染后也会升高。妊娠晚期的女性和类风湿关节炎患者中也显示出高滴度。在人和黑猩猩中，风疹病毒感染后血液中ρ的出现和下降在时间上与CRP的模式相似，尽管ρ似乎是感染的更敏感指标。所呈现的数据表明，ρ是一种新认识的急性期蛋白，可由某些病毒感染以及妊娠和类风湿关节炎中显著存在的其他未明确刺激物诱导产生。
