Kissin B
J Stud Alcohol Suppl. 1979 Nov;8:146-81. doi: 10.15288/jsas.1979.s8.146.
The biological mechanisms examined in this paper cover only a small portion of those that may be involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholism. Certain areas on which a great deal of work has already been done have been entirely omitted. Among these are studies on brain acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism in alcohol-related conditions; the effect of alcohol on brain proteins and nucleotides and the relationship of changes in these to the development of tolerance and physical dependence; and a variety of other areas involving biochemical and physiological parameters. The omission of any of these areas in no way suggests that they are less significant than those that have been covered. It is just that I have attempted to present a cohesive and coherent review of some areas of biological research which thus far appear to throw light on the clinical development and phenomenology of the alcoholism syndrome. In order to present such a thesis, I have inevitably crowded the evidence to fit some of my pet hypotheses. However, in controversial areas (which are many), I have tried to present some of the evidence on both sides and, hopefully, have succeeded in offering a fair overview of the state of the science as it exists today.
本文所探讨的生物学机制仅涵盖了可能与酒精中毒发病机制相关的一小部分机制。一些已经开展了大量研究的领域被完全省略了。其中包括对酒精相关情况下大脑乙酰胆碱和γ-氨基丁酸代谢的研究；酒精对大脑蛋白质和核苷酸的影响以及这些变化与耐受性和身体依赖性发展的关系；以及涉及生化和生理参数的其他各种领域。省略这些领域中的任何一个绝不意味着它们不如已涵盖的领域重要。只是我试图对一些生物学研究领域进行连贯且一致的综述，这些领域目前似乎为酒精中毒综合征的临床发展和现象学提供了启示。为了阐述这样一个论题，我不可避免地对证据进行了筛选以符合我的一些个人偏好的假设。然而，在存在争议的领域（这类领域很多），我试图呈现双方的一些证据，并且希望能够成功地对当今科学现状进行公正的概述。
