Coetzee E J, Jackson W P
Diabetologia. 1979 Apr;16(4):241-5. doi: 10.1007/BF01221950.
Sixty pregnant "maturity-onset" (insulin-independent), established and gestational, diabetics were treated with Metformin in the second and third trimester after dietary treatment had failed. The incidence of Metformin failure was 53.8% in the established diabetics and 28.6% in the "gestational" diabetics. The 27 Metformin failures were transferred to other therapy, leaving for further analysis 33 patients who received Metformin up till delivery. Two neonatal deaths occurred in this group (1 congenital abnormality and 1 preterm infant) giving a perinatal mortality of 61/1000. This compares with a perinatal mortality of 103/1000 in the Metformin failure group and 105/1000 in a group of insulin-dependent diabetics treated during the same period. Apart from a high incidence of neonatal jaundice requiring phototherapy the infant morbidity in the Metformin group was low. The mothers of 3 infants with congenital abnormalities had received Metformin only during the last trimester of their pregnancy.
60名患有“成年发病型”（非胰岛素依赖型）的已确诊糖尿病孕妇及妊娠期糖尿病孕妇，在饮食治疗失败后，于妊娠中期和晚期接受了二甲双胍治疗。在已确诊糖尿病患者中，二甲双胍治疗失败率为53.8%，在“妊娠期”糖尿病患者中为28.6%。27名二甲双胍治疗失败者转而接受其他治疗，剩下33名直至分娩都接受二甲双胍治疗的患者进行进一步分析。该组发生了2例新生儿死亡（1例先天性异常和1例早产儿），围产期死亡率为61‰。相比之下，二甲双胍治疗失败组的围产期死亡率为103‰，同期接受治疗的胰岛素依赖型糖尿病组的围产期死亡率为105‰。除了需要光疗的新生儿黄疸发病率较高外，二甲双胍组的婴儿发病率较低。3名患有先天性异常婴儿的母亲仅在妊娠最后三个月服用了二甲双胍。
