Castrup H J
Fortschr Med. 1979 May 10;97(18):877-80.
The physiological cell renewal of gastrointestinal mucosa is regulated in man as in animal through certain mechanisms with measurable kinetic data. Pathologic mucosal alterations, metabolic disorders, pharmacological agents etc. clearly affect the regenerative processes of the gastrointestinal epithelium. Gastrin and pentagastrin stimulate the growth not only of the parietal cells, but also of the superficial epithelium of the gastric mucosa, whereas secretin does not change cell growth. Glucocorticoid steroids inhibit epithelial regeneration in all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. 5-fluorouracil has a similar effect but acts at a different site in the regeneration cycle. Epithelial cell proliferation of the gastric and intestinal mucosa is likewise inhibited in an uremic condition. In inflammatory changes in the human gastric mucosa epithelial cell hyperproliferation relative to the severity of gastritis and anomalous proliferation within regions of dysplasia can be demonstrated. Foveolary hyperplasia in Ménétrier's disease occurs on the basis of excessive hyperproliferation with displacement of regeneration zones.
与动物一样，人类胃肠道黏膜的生理性细胞更新通过某些机制进行调节，这些机制具有可测量的动力学数据。病理性黏膜改变、代谢紊乱、药物制剂等明显影响胃肠道上皮的再生过程。胃泌素和五肽胃泌素不仅刺激壁细胞生长，还刺激胃黏膜表面上皮生长，而促胰液素不改变细胞生长。糖皮质激素抑制胃肠道所有部位的上皮再生。5-氟尿嘧啶有类似作用，但作用于再生周期的不同位点。尿毒症状态下，胃和肠黏膜的上皮细胞增殖同样受到抑制。在人类胃黏膜的炎症变化中，相对于胃炎的严重程度，上皮细胞过度增殖以及发育异常区域内的异常增殖均可得到证实。门脉性胃病的小凹增生是过度增殖并伴有再生区移位所致。
