Olsen J, Sabroe S
Scand J Soc Med. 1979;7(1):1-6. doi: 10.1177/140349487900700101.
In a number of countries, studies on occupational mortality have proved to be a useful epidemiological tool for the surveillance of on-the-job health risks. In Scandinavia, studies of this type are facilitated by record linkages made possible by the personal identity number. Health selection of occupational groups makes the problem of comparison one of critical interest in analytical epidemiology of occupational mortality and morbidity. Three generally applied principles in choosing control groups are discussed. Uses of random samples of the whole population will most likely yield under- or overestimates of the true risk of the occupation. It is recommended that comparison groups be introduced from other occupations or from the same occupation if possible making the groups similar with respect to socio-economic factors and especially health selection.
在许多国家，职业死亡率研究已被证明是监测在职健康风险的一种有用的流行病学工具。在斯堪的纳维亚半岛，这类研究因个人身份号码实现的记录链接而变得便利。职业群体的健康选择使得职业死亡率和发病率分析流行病学中比较问题成为一个至关重要的关注点。文中讨论了选择对照组时普遍应用的三个原则。使用整个人口的随机样本很可能会低估或高估该职业的真实风险。建议尽可能从其他职业或同一职业中引入比较组，使这些组在社会经济因素尤其是健康选择方面相似。
