Plowright W, Jessett D M
J Hyg (Lond). 1971 Jun;69(2):209-22. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400021446.
Neutralization tests with a strain (BA) of Allerton-type herpes virus, derived from a buffalo (Syncerus caffer) were carried out on 924 sera from 17 species of E. African game animals and on cattle sera from Tanzania (2001), Kenya (792) and Uganda (410).Buffalo populations throughout E. Africa showed a very high rate of infection, with all animals over 2 years of age serologically positive. Antibody was present in some giraffe, waterbuck and hippopotamus sera and, less frequently, in impala, eland, bushbuck and oryx. Data are provided on the titres of positive samples; the mean titre of buffalo sera increased with age.Cattle in many localities of N. Tanzania and S. Kenya showed a very high rate of infection, 85-95% of sera from animals more than 2-years old containing antibody; the titres recorded were lower than those in buffaloes. Very high infection rates were also found in Karamoja and Teso (Uganda) and also in some other areas of Kenya, whilst a considerably lower incidence of infection was detected in W. Nile Province of Uganda and in central Tanzania. Differences in infection rates may have been related to herd size and husbandry practices.It was shown that a wave of infection was probably spreading through cattle in N. Tanzania at about the same time as an outbreak of disease occurred in buffaloes and it is suggested that virus transmission may have been by biting flies.No clinical signs attributable to the virus were reported in cattle but mouth lesions similar to those recorded in buffaloes, or nasal lesions, could have passed undetected. Allerton-type virus probably produces a range of clinical syndromes in cattle, closely resembling those associated with some herpes viruses in primates but infection is seldom related in the field to either pseudo-lumpy skin disease, mammillitis or stomatitis.
用源自水牛（非洲水牛）的阿勒顿型疱疹病毒毒株（BA）对来自东非17种野生动物的924份血清以及来自坦桑尼亚（2001份）、肯尼亚（792份）和乌干达（410份）的牛血清进行了中和试验。东非各地的水牛群体感染率非常高，所有2岁以上的动物血清学检测均呈阳性。一些长颈鹿、水羚和河马的血清中存在抗体，黑斑羚、大羚羊、薮羚和大羚羊中抗体出现的频率较低。提供了阳性样本的滴度数据；水牛血清的平均滴度随年龄增长而增加。坦桑尼亚北部和肯尼亚南部许多地区的牛感染率非常高，2岁以上动物的血清中有85 - 95%含有抗体；记录的滴度低于水牛。在卡拉莫贾和特索（乌干达）以及肯尼亚的其他一些地区也发现了非常高的感染率，而在乌干达的西尼罗河省和坦桑尼亚中部检测到的感染率则低得多。感染率的差异可能与畜群规模和饲养方式有关。结果表明，大约在水牛疾病爆发的同时，一股感染浪潮可能正在坦桑尼亚北部的牛群中蔓延，有人认为病毒可能是通过叮咬苍蝇传播的。牛群中未报告由该病毒引起的临床症状，但类似于水牛记录的口腔病变或鼻病变可能未被发现。阿勒顿型病毒可能在牛群中产生一系列临床综合征，与灵长类动物中一些疱疹病毒相关的综合征非常相似，但在野外感染很少与假性痘皮肤病、乳头炎或口炎有关。
