Varga J
Am J Dis Child. 1979 Apr;133(4):413-8. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1979.02130040067015.
Current literature on hyperactivity stresses the central role of short attention, distractibility, and impulsivity in contributing to the child's behavioral and learning difficulties. Less emphasis is presently placed on minor neurological abnormalities ("soft signs") and unproved theories of brain injury. There has also been a trend toward a more comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to the problem in an attempt to meaningfully integrate medical and psychoeducational input. Professional awareness of the family's need for supportive counseling and the importance of appropriate educational placement for the hyperactive child has enhanced the effectiveness of intervention programs. Although stimulant medication has been clearly shown to favorably influence behavior ratings and measures of attention in hyperactive children, pharmacologic manipulation of deviant social behavior remains a very controversial subject.
当前关于多动症的文献强调注意力不集中、易分心和冲动在导致儿童行为及学习困难方面的核心作用。目前对轻微神经功能异常（“软体征”）和未经证实的脑损伤理论关注较少。对于该问题，也有一种趋势是采用更全面的多学科方法，试图有意义地整合医学和心理教育方面的投入。专业人士认识到家庭对支持性咨询的需求以及为多动症儿童提供适当教育安置的重要性，这提高了干预项目的有效性。尽管已明确表明兴奋剂药物对改善多动症儿童的行为评分和注意力指标有积极影响，但对异常社会行为进行药物控制仍是一个极具争议的话题。
