Angle C R, McIntire M S
Environ Health Perspect. 1974 May;7:133-7. doi: 10.1289/ehp.747133.
Simultaneous assay of blood lead (Pb-B) and red cell lead (Pb-Rbc) in 123 samples from 104 urban and suburban students, ages 10-18, shows the ratio of concentration (Pb-Rbc)/(Pb-B) to increase as the hematocrit decreases. On direct assay in 40 samples, plasma lead (Pb-P) was fixed in a narrow range. In 28 students with Pb-Rbc >40 mug/100 ml, the mean red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) was 6.05+/-0.28 (+/-S.E.), significantly higher (P<.025) than the 5.25+/-0.18 of 51 students with Pb-Rbc<40 mug/100 ml, although hemoglobin values were comparable (13.83+/-0.31 versus 13.55+/-0.20). Analysis of the individual population groups showed this correlation of Pb-Rbc with 2,3-DPG to be primarily related to the intercorrelation of each parameter with hemoglobin.Rbc membrane Na/K ATPase, as per cent of total membrane ATPase, had a median value of 60% in 48 subjects. Na/K ATPase below 60% was found in 10 (77%) of the 13 students with Pb-Rbc>/=40 mug/100 ml, but in only 14 of the 35 with Pb-Rbc<40 mug/100 ml (chi(2)=5.1, df=1, P<0.05). Correlation of significant enzyme changes with Pb-Rbc, but not with Pb-B in the normal urban range of Pb-B<35 mug/100 ml suggests Pb-Rbc, increased in anemia, to be a critical factor in the hematotoxicity of lead.
对104名年龄在10至18岁的城市和郊区学生的123份样本同时进行血铅（Pb-B）和红细胞铅（Pb-Rbc）检测，结果显示，随着血细胞比容降低，浓度比（Pb-Rbc）/（Pb-B）升高。对40份样本进行直接检测时，血浆铅（Pb-P）固定在一个狭窄范围内。在28名Pb-Rbc>40μg/100ml的学生中，平均红细胞2,3-二磷酸甘油酸（2,3-DPG）为6.05±0.28（±标准误），显著高于51名Pb-Rbc<40μg/100ml学生的5.25±0.18（P<0.025），尽管血红蛋白值相当（13.83±0.31对13.55±0.20）。对各个群体的分析表明，Pb-Rbc与2,3-DPG的这种相关性主要与每个参数与血红蛋白的相互相关性有关。红细胞膜钠钾ATP酶占总膜ATP酶的百分比，在48名受试者中的中位数为60%。在13名Pb-Rbc≥40μg/100ml的学生中，有10名（77%）钠钾ATP酶低于60%，但在35名Pb-Rbc<40μg/100ml的学生中只有14名（χ²=5.1，自由度=1，P<0.05）。在正常城市血铅范围Pb-B<35μg/100ml内，显著的酶变化与Pb-Rbc相关，但与Pb-B无关，这表明贫血时升高的Pb-Rbc是铅血液毒性的关键因素。
