Kennedy J F, Barker S A, Zamir A
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 Dec;6(6):777-82. doi: 10.1128/AAC.6.6.777.
Cellulose was converted into a more reactive form by chelation with the transition metals titanium(III), iron(III), tin(IV), vanadium(III), and zirconium(IV). The remaining unsubstituted ligands of the transition metal ions were found to be amenable to replacement by electron-donating groups of antibiotic molecules. Ampicillin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, paromomycin, polymyxin B, and streptomycin were used as antibacterial antibiotics, and amphotericin B and natamycin were used as antifungal antibiotics. Antibacterial activity of the products was tested against two gram-positive and two gram-negative bacteria, and antifungal activity was tested against four fungi. That the antibacterial antibiotics had complexed with the cellulose-metal chelates was demonstrated in that the product cellulose-metal-antibiotic chelates exhibited antibiotic activities whereas the metal chelates of cellulose themselves were inactive. Of 140 tests conducted, cellulose-metal-antibiotic chelates were active in 102 cases. Since the antibiotic derivatives were water insoluble and in fact retain some of the antibacterial activities of the parent compounds, the chelation method provides a facile way of rendering cellulose surfaces, etc., resistant to microbial attack over and above that degree of protection afforded by noncovalent adsorption of the antibiotic to cellulose itself. The underlying principles of the chelation reactions involved are discussed in detail.
通过与过渡金属钛（III）、铁（III）、锡（IV）、钒（III）和锆（IV）螯合，纤维素被转化为一种更具反应活性的形式。发现过渡金属离子剩余的未取代配体可被抗生素分子的供电子基团取代。氨苄青霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、新霉素、巴龙霉素、多粘菌素B和链霉素用作抗菌抗生素，两性霉素B和纳他霉素用作抗真菌抗生素。测试了产物对两种革兰氏阳性菌和两种革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性，以及对四种真菌的抗真菌活性。抗菌抗生素与纤维素 - 金属螯合物形成了络合物，这一点可通过产物纤维素 - 金属 - 抗生素螯合物表现出抗生素活性而纤维素本身的金属螯合物无活性得到证明。在进行的140次测试中，纤维素 - 金属 - 抗生素螯合物在102例中表现出活性。由于抗生素衍生物不溶于水，且实际上保留了母体化合物的一些抗菌活性，螯合方法提供了一种简便的方法，使纤维素表面等具有抵抗微生物攻击的能力，这种保护程度超过了抗生素通过非共价吸附到纤维素本身所提供的保护。详细讨论了所涉及的螯合反应的基本原理。
