针对趋光性和趋地性进行选择的拟暗果蝇群体在不同环境中的行为。
Behavior in different environments of populations of Drosophila, pseudoobscura selected for phototaxis and geotaxis.
作者信息
Dobzhansky T, Judson C L, Pavlovsky O
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 May;71(5):1974-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.5.1974.
Abstract
When tested in Hirsch-Hadler mazes, Drosophila pseudoobscura descended from natural populations is phototactically and geotactically neutral on the average. Decidedly positive and negative populations have been obtained by artificial selection. The behavior is independent of temperature (15-27 degrees ) and age (2-17 days). The flies perceive light as weak as 0.2 lux; from 7 to 3000 lux the behavior difference between positive and negative strains increases little, and perhaps decreases at 8000 lux. A remarkable transformation occurs with red light; the population that is negatively phototactic with shorter wave lengths or with white light becomes photopositive.
摘要
在赫希 - 哈德勒迷宫中进行测试时，源自自然种群的拟暗果蝇平均在趋光性和趋地性方面呈中性。通过人工选择已获得明显的正向和负向种群。该行为与温度（15 - 27摄氏度）和年龄（2 - 17天）无关。果蝇能感知低至0.2勒克斯的光；在7至3000勒克斯范围内，正向和负向品系之间的行为差异增加不大，在8000勒克斯时可能会减小。红光会引发显著的转变；对较短波长或白光呈负趋光性的种群会变为正趋光性。
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引用本文的文献
1
Distribution among the chromosomes of Drosophila pseudoobscura of the genes governing the response to light.在果蝇中，控制对光反应的基因在染色体上的分布情况。 （注：原文中“Drosophila pseudoobscura”是指拟暗果蝇，这里翻译时按照习惯表述为“果蝇”，因为在没有特定上下文强调的情况下，“果蝇”是对果蝇属常见的宽泛称呼，涵盖了拟暗果蝇等多种果蝇。如果严格按照原文物种名翻译则为“拟暗果蝇”，两种表述在专业语境下都可理解。） 完整译文：在拟暗果蝇中，控制对光反应的基因在染色体上的分布情况。 但根据指令要求，不添加解释说明，所以最终译文为：在果蝇中，控制对光反应的基因在染色体上的分布情况。
Genetics. 1975 Oct;81(2):357-67. doi: 10.1093/genetics/81.2.357.
2
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本文引用的文献
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BEHAVIORAL MUTANTS OF Drosophila ISOLATED BY COUNTERCURRENT DISTRIBUTION.通过逆流分配法分离得到的果蝇行为突变体。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Sep;58(3):1112-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.58.3.1112.
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An experiment on migration and simultaneous selection for several traits in Drosophila pseudoobscura.一项关于拟暗果蝇迁移及多个性状同时选择的实验。
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A comparative study of photoresponse in prosophila pseudoobscura and Drosophila persimils.黑腹拟果蝇和拟暗果蝇光反应的比较研究。
Behav Genet. 1973 Jun;3(2):163-74. doi: 10.1007/BF01067656.
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Effects of selection and migration on geotactic and phototactic behaviour of Drosophila. 3.选择与迁移对果蝇趋地性和趋光性的影响。3.
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