Koett J, Howell J, Steinberg S, Wolf P
Clin Chem. 1979 Jul;25(7):1329-30.
The usual metabolic derangement in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is metabolic acidosis, with an increase in the anion gap because of increased ketoacids and lactate. However, diabetic ketoalkalosis may occasionally be encountered, the prominent clinical feature of which is vomiting, with depletion of potassium, chloride, and hydrogen ions. Self-medication with absorbabe alkali may also contribute to the alkalosis. It would be dangerous to treat hyperlgycemic patients with alkali if their condition is ketoalkalosis instead of ketoacidosis.
在未控制的糖尿病中，常见的代谢紊乱是代谢性酸中毒，由于酮酸和乳酸增加，阴离子间隙增大。然而，糖尿病性酮碱中毒偶尔也会出现，其突出的临床特征是呕吐，伴有钾、氯和氢离子的消耗。自行服用可吸收性碱也可能导致碱中毒。如果高血糖患者的病情是酮碱中毒而非酮酸中毒，用碱治疗将是危险的。
