The effects of levodopa on plasma glucose in two strains of rat.

The effects of levodopa on plasma glucose were examined in two strains of rats. In fasted Wistar rats levodopa produced a dose-dependent hyperglycaemic response which was augmented by pretreatment with nialamide. This response in nialamide-treated rats was prevented by pretreatment with phentolamine and converted to a hypoglycaemic response. Phentolamine increased the plasma concentration of immunoreactive insulin (IRI). In phentolamine-pretreated rats levodopa produced a further marked increase in the plasma IRI concentration. It is suggested that the prevention of levodopa hyperglycaemia by phentolamine is due to the marked increase in the plasma IRI concentration produced by pretreatment with phentolamine. Moreover the fall in the plasma glucose concentration produced by levodopa in phentolamine-pretreated rats is likely to be due, at least in part, to the additional increase in the plasma IRI concentration produced by levodopa under these conditions. In contrast, in fasted Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with nialamide, levodopa produced either no effect on plasma glucose, or in larger doses, a marked hypoglycaemic effect followed by death. This hypoglycaemic effect was accompanied by a decrease in the plasma IRI concentration.