Foglia R P, Steed D L, Follette D M, DeLand E, Buckberg G D
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1979 Aug;78(2):217-22.
Postischemic myocardial edema depresses left ventricular function and coronary perfusion. Pharmacologic cardioplegia is being used increasingly to enhance myocardial protection during cardiac operations. In the present study we varied the colloid osmotic and osmotic pressures and the infusion pressures of four cardioplegic solutions to determine their respective roles in producing or preventing myocardial edema in a nonischemic setting. We found that myocardial edema during potassium cardioplegia (1) is independent of infusion pressures, (2) is caused by isosmotic crystalloid solutions, (3) is worsened by hyposmolar crystalloid solutions, (4) is avoided by the addition of colloid, and (5) is avoided if the solution is made hyperosmotic with the addition of mannitol.
缺血后心肌水肿会降低左心室功能和冠状动脉灌注。在心脏手术期间，药物性心脏停搏液越来越多地被用于增强心肌保护。在本研究中，我们改变了四种心脏停搏液的胶体渗透压、渗透压和输注压力，以确定它们在非缺血环境中产生或预防心肌水肿方面各自的作用。我们发现，钾停搏液期间的心肌水肿：（1）与输注压力无关；（2）由等渗晶体溶液引起；（3）低渗晶体溶液会使其加重；（4）加入胶体可避免；（5）加入甘露醇使溶液变为高渗可避免。
