Joseph S P, White J
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1979 Aug;78(2):292-7.
Long-term transvenous atrial pacing for symptomatic sinus node disease, in the absence of atrioventricular conduction disease, confers the advantages of increased cardiac performance and probable freedom from systemic thromboembolism. Conventional ventricular pacing has been preferred, however, because of the complications of atrial pacing, mainly those of electrical and mechanical instability of currently available atrial electrodes. These complications have been circumvented with a new pacemaker, programmable for output terminal. This has allowed the institution of atrial pacing in seven patients, with its attendant advantages and the ability to reprogram noninvasively to ventricular pacing should atrial pacing fail. Such reprogramming has been accomplished without difficulty in one patient who developed second-degree atrioventricular block and one with electrode microdisplacement.
对于有症状的窦房结疾病且无房室传导疾病的患者，长期经静脉心房起搏具有增强心脏功能以及可能避免全身性血栓栓塞的优势。然而，由于心房起搏的并发症，主要是现有心房电极的电和机械不稳定问题，传统的心室起搏一直更受青睐。一种可对输出终端进行编程的新型起搏器规避了这些并发症。这使得七名患者能够进行心房起搏，发挥其相应优势，并且如果心房起搏失败，还能够无创地重新编程为心室起搏。在一名发生二度房室传导阻滞的患者和一名电极微移位的患者中，这种重新编程操作毫无困难地完成了。
