英国透析单位中的肝炎情况。
Hepatitis in dialysis units in the United Kingdom.
作者信息
Polakoff S, Cossart Y E, Tillett H E
出版信息
Br Med J. 1972 Jul 8;3(5818):94-9. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5818.94.
A prospective study of hepatitis in 20 dialysis units in the United Kingdom showed that the number of units with outbreaks increased from one in 1968 to three in 1969 and the overall attack rate rose from 1.7 to 5.3% in patients and from 0.5 to 1.3% in staff.In July 1969 a pilot study of patients' sera showed that all of the outbreaks were associated with Australia (Au) antigen. Au antigen was not detected in the unaffected units or in one unit in which there were several patients with abnormal liver function.In January 1970 systematic prospective testing for Au antigen was begun. Au antigen was detected in single patients in five more of the 20 units. The transfer of the affected patients to isolation for dialysis seemed to prevent the spread of infection in the units. The incidence of hepatitis in 1970 was 5.6% in patients and 0.4% in staff.
英国对20个透析单位进行的一项前瞻性肝炎研究表明，发生疫情的单位数量从1968年的1个增加到1969年的3个，患者的总体发病率从1.7%升至5.3%，工作人员的发病率从0.5%升至1.3%。1969年7月，一项针对患者血清的初步研究表明，所有疫情都与澳大利亚（Au）抗原有关。在未受影响的单位或有几名肝功能异常患者的一个单位中未检测到Au抗原。1970年1月开始对Au抗原进行系统的前瞻性检测。在另外5个单位的个别患者中检测到了Au抗原。将受感染患者转移至隔离透析似乎防止了单位内感染的传播。1970年患者肝炎发病率为5.6%，工作人员为0.4%。
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