Rosvold H E
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 1972;32(2):439-60.
The prefrontal cortex in the monkey is related structurally and functionally to several subcortical structures in such a way as to suggest that they constitute a neural system. Both anatomical and behavioral evidence justify implicating in such a system the prefrontal cortex itself, the head of the caudate nucleus, the globus pallidus, the substantia nigra, the subthalamic nucleus, the septal nuclei, the hippocampus, the centromedian nucleus, and the hypothalamus. There is, furthermore, an indication that this system is organized into at least two well-defined subsystems: a "dorsal" system originating in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex involving the anterodorsal sector of the caudate, the lateral pallidum, the subthalamic nucleus, and the hippocampus; an "orbital" system originating in the orbital prefrontal cortex and involving the ventrolateral sector of the caudate nucleus, the medial pallidum, the centrornedian nucleus, the hypothalamus and the septal nuclei. While the anatomical and behavioral dissociation between these two systems is emphasized, attention is also drawn to the many possibilities for the two systems to converge upon one another.
猴子的前额叶皮质在结构和功能上与几个皮质下结构相关，这表明它们构成了一个神经系统。解剖学和行为学证据都支持将前额叶皮质本身、尾状核头部、苍白球、黑质、丘脑底核、隔核、海马体、中央中核和下丘脑纳入这样一个系统。此外，有迹象表明这个系统至少被组织成两个明确的子系统：一个“背侧”系统起源于背外侧前额叶皮质，涉及尾状核的前背侧部分、外侧苍白球、丘脑底核和海马体；一个“眶额”系统起源于眶额前额叶皮质，涉及尾状核的腹外侧部分、内侧苍白球、中央中核、下丘脑和隔核。虽然强调了这两个系统在解剖学和行为学上的分离，但也提请注意这两个系统相互汇聚的多种可能性。
