Gould T, Roberts R J
J Pediatr. 1979 Sep;95(3):465-71. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80538-7.
The kinetics of drug delivery were studied under conditions of varying iv flow rates and varying sites of drug administration into an iv system. The iv sites and rates were selected on the basis of questionnaire data obtained from nursing personnel. The rate of drug delivery from the iv system was dependent upon the iv flow rate and site of injection of the drug into the iv system. Under conditions of slow iv flow rates (3 ml/hour) there was the expected time delay required for the drug to begin to be infused but an unanticipated protracted time required for actual completion of the drug infusion. Calculation of theoretical drug blood levels based on the results of these iv studies revealed very different blood levels of drug at respective times, including different peak concentrations, depending on the iv flow rate and site at which the drug was injected into the system. Failure to appreciate the effects of slow iv rates and distal iv injection sites on actual rates of drug administration can adversely affect pharmacokinetic decisions and conceivably influence therapeutic success or failure.
在静脉输液系统中，改变静脉输液流速以及药物注入部位，研究药物输送的动力学。静脉输液部位和流速是根据从护理人员处获得的问卷调查数据选定的。药物从静脉输液系统的输送速率取决于静脉输液流速以及药物注入静脉输液系统的部位。在静脉输液流速缓慢（3毫升/小时）的情况下，药物开始输注会出现预期的时间延迟，但实际完成药物输注所需的时间却出乎意料地延长。根据这些静脉输液研究结果计算理论药物血药浓度，结果显示，在各个时间点，药物血药浓度差异很大，包括不同的峰值浓度，这取决于静脉输液流速以及药物注入系统的部位。未认识到静脉输液流速缓慢和远端静脉注射部位对实际给药速率的影响，可能会对药代动力学决策产生不利影响，并可能影响治疗的成败。
