Sclerosteosis in children.

Craniotubular dysplasias and craniotubular hyperostoses are a group of confusing disorders in which the cranial involvement may cause compression of facial and auditory nerves. Two of the hyperostotic conditions that regularly produce cranial nerve compression are sclerosteosis and the recessive form of endosteal hyperostosis (van Buchem's disease). Both have identical radiological features with cranial involvement presenting in childhood. The Dutch and South African cases have come from relatively close-knit communities, those in the latter country being Afrikaners who had their origins in Holland. The radiological features of three such cases of sclerosteosis are briefly presented.