Ostberg O
Br J Ind Med. 1973 Oct;30(4):341-51. doi: 10.1136/oem.30.4.341.
341-351. Data from 37 computer operators and output-handlers, working on discontinuous 8-16-24 alternating shifts, were collected in the morning, evening, and night shifts during a one-year period. The study was directed to the interindividual differences in the workers' circadian patterns of activity, sleep, oral temperature, time estimation, physical fitness, and food intake. By means of a questionnaire on preferences and habits of activity and time of day, three subgroups of five subjects each were selected—morning', middle', and evening' groups. Significant differences were found between the groups and between the shifts. Most interesting was the significant interaction of group × shift, on the basis of which it could be concluded that the morning' type of subjects had the most pronounced difficulty in adapting to the shift system practised. It is thought that a refinement of the questionnaire used should eventually result in a tool for assessing a person's circadian type and the interaction of type × shift.
341 - 351。在一年的时间里，收集了37名从事不连续8小时、16小时、24小时交替轮班工作的计算机操作员和输出处理员在早班、中班和夜班的数据。该研究针对工人在活动、睡眠、口腔温度、时间估计、身体素质和食物摄入的昼夜节律模式中的个体差异。通过一份关于活动偏好和习惯以及一天中时间的问卷，选出了三个亚组，每组五名受试者，即“早晨型”“中间型”和“晚上型”组。在组间和轮班之间发现了显著差异。最有趣的是组×轮班的显著交互作用，据此可以得出结论，“早晨型”受试者在适应所实行的轮班制度方面有最明显的困难。人们认为，对所使用问卷的改进最终应能产生一种评估一个人的昼夜节律类型以及类型×轮班交互作用的工具。
