Crowell W A, Whitlock R H, Stout R C, Tyler D E
Cornell Vet. 1979 Jul;69(3):272-9.
A 1-month-old Jersey calf died of oxalate nephropathy. The calf had access to antifreeze (ethylene glycol) 3 days prior to death. Since ethylene glycol toxicosis had not been reported in cattle, the effects or oral administration of ethylene glycol were studied in 7 calves and 3 cows. The toxic dose ranged from 2 to 10 ml of ethylene glycol per kg of body weight. Clinical signs were increased respiration, staggering gait, paraparesis, depression and later, recumbency and death. Hemoglobinuria and epistaxis were seen at doses of 10mg/kg of body weight. Azotemia, hypocalcemia and neutrophilia were constant findings whereas acidosis, plasma hyperosmolality and hemolytic anemia were seen in the animals receiving the higher doses. A diagnosis of ethylene glycol toxicosis must be based upon a history of ingestion and the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in body tissues (especially the kidney and brain).
一头1月龄的泽西犊牛死于草酸盐肾病。该犊牛在死亡前3天接触过防冻液（乙二醇）。由于此前未报道过牛的乙二醇中毒情况，因此对7头犊牛和3头母牛进行了乙二醇口服影响的研究。中毒剂量为每千克体重2至10毫升乙二醇。临床症状包括呼吸加快、步态蹒跚、轻瘫、抑郁，随后出现躺卧和死亡。体重剂量为10毫克/千克时出现血红蛋白尿和鼻出血。氮血症、低钙血症和嗜中性粒细胞增多是常见症状，而酸中毒、血浆高渗和溶血性贫血则出现在接受较高剂量的动物身上。乙二醇中毒的诊断必须基于摄入史以及身体组织（尤其是肾脏和大脑）中草酸钙晶体的存在。
