Naccache P, Sha'afi R I
J Gen Physiol. 1973 Dec;62(6):714-36. doi: 10.1085/jgp.62.6.714.
The permeability of human red cell membrane to 90 different molecules has been measured. These solutes cover a wide spectrum of nonelectrolytes with varying chemical structure, chain length, lipid solubility, chemical reactive group, ability to form hydrogen bonds, and other properties. In general, the present study suggests that the permeability of red cell membrane to a large solute is determined by lipid solubility, its molecular size, and its hydrogen-bonding ability. The permeability coefficient increases with increasing lipid solubility and decreasing ability to form hydrogen bonds, whereas it decreases with increasing molecular size. In the case of small solutes, the predominant diffusion factor is steric hindrance augmented by lipid solubility. It is also found that replacement of a hydroxyl group by a carbonyl group or an ether linkage tends to increase permeability. On the other hand, replacement of a hydroxyl group by an amide group tends to decrease the permeability coefficient.
已测定了人类红细胞膜对90种不同分子的通透性。这些溶质涵盖了广泛的非电解质，它们具有不同的化学结构、链长、脂溶性、化学反应基团、形成氢键的能力以及其他性质。总体而言，本研究表明红细胞膜对大分子溶质的通透性由脂溶性、分子大小及其形成氢键的能力决定。通透系数随脂溶性增加和形成氢键能力降低而增大，而随分子大小增加而减小。对于小分子溶质，主要的扩散因素是由脂溶性增强的空间位阻。还发现用羰基或醚键取代羟基往往会增加通透性。另一方面，用酰胺基取代羟基往往会降低通透系数。
