de Blic J, Scheinmann P, Menillet G, Santais M C, Ruff F, Paupe J
Nouv Presse Med. 1979 Apr 7;8(16):1311-4.
Twelve children aged between 2 and 13 years received an oral dose of 5 mg/kg of pure theophylline, and 28 children aged between 2 and 15 years were given 10 mg/kg/day of the same drug in 3 or 4 divided doses for 3 days. In the first group blood theophylline levels were higher than 10 microgram/ml, after 1 or 3 hours, in only 3 children, two of whom were receiving erythromycin at the same time. Six hours and 12 hours later, none of the serum levels were higher than 10 microgram/ml. In the second group, estimations were performed on the 4th day. At 8 a.m., when the last dose had been given 12 hours previously, blood theophylline levels were all less than 10 microgram/ml (mean: 4.03 +/- 0,88 microgram/ml). Two hours and four hours after the usual morning dose, serum levels of greater than 10 microgram/ml were found in respectively 35 and 25% of the children only. Since the bronchodilator effect of theophylline is optimal for serum levels of greater than 10 microgram/ml, the dose currently recommended in France (10 mg/kg/day) would thus appear to be insufficient in most instances. However, increase in individual doses must be guided by serum estimations, which make it possible to avoid complications related to overdosage.
12名年龄在2至13岁之间的儿童口服了5毫克/千克的纯茶碱，28名年龄在2至15岁之间的儿童则以10毫克/千克/天的剂量服用同一种药物，分3或4次给药，共3天。在第一组中，仅3名儿童在1或3小时后血中茶碱水平高于10微克/毫升，其中2名儿童同时服用了红霉素。6小时和12小时后，血清水平均未高于10微克/毫升。在第二组中，于第4天进行测定。上午8点，即最后一剂药在12小时前服用后，血中茶碱水平均低于10微克/毫升（均值：4.03±0.88微克/毫升）。在通常的晨服剂量后2小时和4小时，仅分别有35%和25%的儿童血清水平高于10微克/毫升。由于茶碱的支气管扩张作用在血清水平高于10微克/毫升时最佳，因此法国目前推荐的剂量（10毫克/千克/天）在大多数情况下似乎不足。然而，个体剂量的增加必须以血清测定为指导，这可以避免与过量用药相关的并发症。
