Carpenter W T, Stephens J H
Schizophr Bull. 1979;5(3):490-506. doi: 10.1093/schbul/5.3.490.
The usefulness and validity of traditional subtypes are questionable. The subtypes described in earlier years no longer emerge with the clarity previously described. The four classical subtypes cannot be reliably distinguished and have not been shown to have predictive validity. Subtypes classified along course or prognostic lines may be more clinically useful. Attempts to subdivide schizophrenia along biologic and genetic lines offer promise. Recent efforts to describe new subdivisions of schizophrenia are readily justified, but new descriptive subtypes are likely to prove useful only when validated by biological, genetic, treatment response, and outcome data.
传统亚型的实用性和有效性存在疑问。早年描述的亚型不再像之前所描述的那样清晰显现。四种经典亚型无法可靠区分，且尚未证明具有预测效度。沿病程或预后划分的亚型可能在临床上更有用。沿着生物学和遗传学方向对精神分裂症进行细分的尝试很有前景。近期对精神分裂症新细分的描述很有道理，但只有在通过生物学、遗传学、治疗反应和结局数据验证后，新的描述性亚型才可能被证明是有用的。
