Fadali M A, Ledbetter M, Papacostas C A, Duke L J, Lemole G M
Ann Surg. 1974 Aug;180(2):232-5. doi: 10.1097/00000658-197408000-00018.
The mechanism of protamine-induced hypotension and bradycardia was investigated in anesthetized, heparinized dogs. Several groups of animals with intact circulation were studied for their responses to protamine under control conditions and following the administration of various pharmacological agents. The parameters observed include femoral arterial pressure (FAP), central venous pressure (CVP), left ventricular pressure (LVP) and its rate of rise (dp/dt), left ventricular contractile element velocity of shortening (Vce), maximal Vce (V max) and cardiac output (CO). Various groups were studied under the following pharmacological conditions: autonomic cholinergic blockade by atropine; alpha and beta adrenergic receptor blockade using phenoxybenzamine and propranolol respectively; ganglionic and adrenal medullary block using hexamethonium, and depletion of endogenous histamine by means of compound 48/80. Another group was placed on total cardiopulmonary bypass thus isolating the heart from the peripheral circulation. The effect of protamine on the vascular tree alone was then observed by monitoring FAP before and after protamine administration. The findings indicate that the cardiovascular effects of protamine are produced by a direct effect on the myocardium and vascular tree.
在麻醉、肝素化的犬中研究了鱼精蛋白诱导低血压和心动过缓的机制。研究了几组循环系统完整的动物在对照条件下以及给予各种药理药物后的鱼精蛋白反应。观察的参数包括股动脉压（FAP）、中心静脉压（CVP）、左心室压（LVP）及其上升速率（dp/dt）、左心室收缩成分缩短速度（Vce）、最大Vce（V max）和心输出量（CO）。在以下药理条件下研究了不同组：用阿托品进行自主胆碱能阻滞；分别用酚苄明和普萘洛尔进行α和β肾上腺素能受体阻滞；用六甲铵进行神经节和肾上腺髓质阻滞，并用48/80化合物耗尽内源性组胺。另一组进行全心肺转流，从而使心脏与外周循环隔离。然后通过监测鱼精蛋白给药前后的FAP来观察鱼精蛋白对血管树的单独作用。研究结果表明，鱼精蛋白的心血管作用是由其对心肌和血管树的直接作用产生的。
