Rappaport H, Dent P L
Br J Med Psychol. 1979 Mar;52(1):49-54. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02493.x.
In an effort to identify the characteristics of folk psychotherapy that could account for its tenacity in East Africa, a total of 31 Tanzanian shamans were studied. It was found that patients with emotional problems make use of both the folk and Western therapists and that a clear conceptual distinction is made between the services offered. The range of techniques used, style of service delivered, and the fundamental (or underlying) model of causation were all analysed. It was concluded that folk therapy is an effective approach to psychosocial disorders which, in the future, should be considered a dynamic supplement to Western practices. Additionally, based on the appeal of the medicine man, new directions for Western psychotherapy were suggested.
为了确定民间心理治疗在东非经久不衰的特点，对31名坦桑尼亚萨满巫师进行了研究。研究发现，有情感问题的患者会同时求助于民间治疗师和西方治疗师，并且他们能清楚地区分这两种治疗服务。研究分析了所使用的技术范围、提供服务的方式以及基本（或潜在）的病因模型。研究得出结论，民间治疗是治疗心理社会障碍的一种有效方法，未来应被视为西方治疗方法的有力补充。此外，基于巫医的吸引力，还为西方心理治疗提出了新的方向。
