Rimé B, Bonami M
Br J Med Psychol. 1979 Mar;52(1):77-84. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02497.x.
Some authors suggested the existence of contradictory traits in the personality pattern associated with coronary heart disease: while presenting overt, active, adult-like traits, coronary subjects would be, at a more covert or repressed level, characterized by passive and infantile tendencies. To test this hypothesis, coronary and control subjects were submitted to three types of personality questionnaire, each of them measuring the same four personality traits (seclusion, impulsiveness, dependence and passivity) which, in the adult individual, are considered by Murray's (1938) theory of personality as persisting from infancy. No difference appeared between the two groups on type 1 questionnaires, describing behavioural features of individuals outwardly displaying the four traits. On type 2 questionnaires, describing tastes and similar areas less subject to social norms, coronary subjects revealed themselves higher than control subjects for passivity (P less than 0.05). and dependence (P less than 0.05). Similarly, they were higher for passivity (P less than 0.05), dependence (P less than 0.001) and impulsiveness (P less than 0.05) on type 3 questionnaires describing symptoms expected to occur occasionally among adults having such traits. Supplementary scales also showed coronary subjects to be more ego-defensive (P less than 0.001) and more self-assertive (P less than 0.05) than controls. These data were considered as supporting the hypothesis.
一些作者提出，与冠心病相关的人格模式中存在相互矛盾的特质：在表现出公开、积极、成熟特质的同时，冠心病患者在更隐蔽或压抑的层面上，其特征是具有被动和幼稚的倾向。为了验证这一假设，对冠心病患者和对照组进行了三种人格问卷测试，每种问卷都测量相同的四种人格特质（隐居、冲动、依赖和被动），根据默里（1938年）的人格理论，在成年人中，这些特质被认为是从婴儿期持续存在的。在描述个体外在表现出这四种特质的行为特征的1型问卷上，两组之间没有差异。在描述品味和类似不太受社会规范约束的领域的2型问卷上，冠心病患者在被动性（P<0.05）和依赖性（P<0.05）方面得分高于对照组。同样，在描述具有这些特质的成年人中偶尔出现的症状的3型问卷上，他们在被动性（P<0.05）、依赖性（P<0.001）和冲动性（P<0.05）方面得分也更高。补充量表也显示，冠心病患者比对照组更具自我防御性（P<0.001）和更自信（P<0.05）。这些数据被认为支持了这一假设。
