Sinatra R S, Ford D H
Brain Res. 1979 Oct 19;175(2):315-25. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(79)91010-2.
Prominent cellular responses to axonal interruption include enhanced synthesis of RNA and protein in the neuronal perikaryon, and proliferation of reactive Schwann cells. Since morphine has been shown to significantly depress cellular metabolism, we examined its effect on these and other reparative responses underlying nerve fiber regeneration. Rat facial nerve trunks from saline, acute morphine, and continuous morphine-treated animals were examined by light and electron microscopy at 3, 7 and 14 days after crush injury. The number of axonal sprouts/unit area and the diameters of regenerating axons were quantified at each survival interval. Both saline-treated and acute morphine-treated facial nerves demonstrated myelin degradation and Schwann cell hypertrophy (at 3 days post-axotomy), sprout outgrowth (at 7 days) and axon maturation and myelination (at 14 days). In the chronic morphine-treated animals, a retardation of the regenerative process was evident. Axon sprout outgrowth and axonal diameters were reduced at 3 and 7 days post-axotomy. In treated 14-day animals, axon diameters were normal; however, significantly fewer axon profiles/unit area were observed. After chronic morphine exposure, Schwann cell hypertrophy and proliferation, as well as myelin debris removal, were inhibited at all survival periods.
对轴突中断的显著细胞反应包括神经元胞体中RNA和蛋白质合成增强，以及反应性雪旺细胞增殖。由于吗啡已被证明能显著抑制细胞代谢，我们研究了其对神经纤维再生所涉及的这些及其他修复反应的影响。在挤压损伤后3天、7天和14天，通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜检查来自生理盐水处理组、急性吗啡处理组和持续吗啡处理组动物的大鼠面神经干。在每个存活时间点对单位面积内轴突发芽的数量和再生轴突的直径进行定量分析。生理盐水处理组和急性吗啡处理组的面神经均表现出髓鞘降解和雪旺细胞肥大（轴突切断术后3天）、芽生（7天）以及轴突成熟和髓鞘形成（14天）。在慢性吗啡处理的动物中，再生过程明显延迟。轴突切断术后3天和7天，轴突发芽和轴突直径减少。在处理14天的动物中，轴突直径正常；然而，观察到单位面积内的轴突轮廓显著减少。慢性吗啡暴露后，在所有存活期，雪旺细胞肥大和增殖以及髓鞘碎片清除均受到抑制。
