Russell W L
Genetics. 1979 May;92(1 Pt 1 Suppl):s187-94.
Several hypotheses and concepts have tended to oversimplify the problem of mutagenesis and can be misleading when used for genetic risk estimation. These include: (1) the hypothesis that radiation-induced mutation frequency depends primarily on the DNA content per haploid genome, (2) the extension of this concept to chemical mutagenesis, (3) the view that, since "DNA is DNA," mutational effects can be expected to be qualitatively similar in all organisms, (4) the REC unit, and (5) the view that mutation rates from chronic irradiation can be theoretically and accurately predicted from acute irradiation data. Therefore, direct determination of frequencies of transmitted mutations in mammals continues to be important for risk estimation, and the specific-locus method in mice is shown to be not as expensive as is commonly supposed for many of the chemical testing requirements.
一些假设和概念往往会过度简化诱变问题，在用于遗传风险评估时可能会产生误导。这些包括：（1）辐射诱导突变频率主要取决于每个单倍体基因组的DNA含量这一假设；（2）将这一概念扩展到化学诱变；（3）认为由于“DNA就是DNA”，可以预期突变效应在所有生物中在质量上是相似的观点；（4）相对生物效应系数（REC）单位；（5）认为可以从急性辐射数据理论上准确预测慢性辐射的突变率的观点。因此，直接测定哺乳动物中传递突变的频率对于风险评估仍然很重要，并且小鼠的特定位点方法对于许多化学测试要求而言并不像通常认为的那样昂贵。
