Simon G, Dickhuth H H, Staiger J, Essig C, Kindermann W, Keul J
Med Klin. 1979 Sep 14;74(37):1320-7.
Radiological heart volume estimations and echocardiographic studies were performed on 30 male and 15 female middle distance athletes at rest, during supine ergometric exercise at 10 and 100 Watt and 1 minute after excerise. During exercise, there is an increase in cardiac output, in the small hearts of 6%, in the large hearts of 16%, due to a small enddiastolic increase and an associated decrease in the endsystolic left ventricular diameter. At rest and at 50 Watt, the cardiac output, corrected for body surface area, was practically the same for all volunteers, at 100 Watt the volunteers with the largest hearts had the highest cardiac output. This is interpreted as evidence for increased cardio-circulatory reserves. The contractility parameters at the various exercise grades varied dependant on heart size; when related to heart rate the variations were practically abolished. The results suggest that variations in the dynamics of small and large hearts are not primarily due to intrinsic factors but rather related to extrinsic factors such as sympathetic drive expressed by the changes in heart rate.
对30名男性和15名女性中长跑运动员在静息状态、仰卧位进行10瓦和100瓦功率的测力运动期间以及运动后1分钟时进行了心脏容积的放射学评估和超声心动图研究。运动期间，由于舒张末期容积略有增加以及收缩末期左心室直径相应减小，心输出量增加，小心脏者增加6%，大心脏者增加16%。在静息状态和50瓦功率时，经体表面积校正后的心输出量在所有志愿者中实际上是相同的，在100瓦功率时，心脏最大的志愿者心输出量最高。这被解释为心脏循环储备增加的证据。不同运动强度下的收缩性参数因心脏大小而异；当与心率相关时，这些差异实际上消失了。结果表明，大小不同心脏的动力学变化并非主要源于内在因素，而是与外在因素有关，如由心率变化所体现的交感神经驱动。
