Mutants of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with altered colcemid-binding affinity.

Clones of CHO cells stably resistant to colcemid have been isolated in the presence of the nonionic detergent Tween 80 after mutagen treatment. Successive single-step selections for increasing resistance were performed resulting in lines after three selection steps about 10 fold more resistant to colcemid than the parental cells. Three observations indicate that these colcemid-resistant (CMR) mutants are different from the colchicine-resistant permeability mutants isolated previously. First, their relative resistance to colcemid was not diminished in the presence of detergent which promoted increased drug permeability. Second, the CMR clones displayed limited cross-resistances only to tubulin-binding compounds. Third, the binding affinity of labeled colcemid by cytoplasmic extracts from CMR clones was reduced, and the reduction was greater in the more resistant clones. No reduction in binding of labeled colcemid was observed in the membrane-altered colchicine-resistant mutants. All these observations are consistent with the CMR clones being tubulin-altered mutants. In further support of this conclusion, we observed that tubulin purified from a CMR mutant still possessed reduced colcemid-binding affinity compared with that from parental cells.