Shulman S, Wypych J
Immunology. 1969 Nov;17(5):641-52.
Isoimmunization of rabbits with kidney extracts and Freund's adjuvant leads to the development of responses to a multiplicity of autoantigens. If a large number of kidneys is pooled, there is increased probability that responses directed toward isoantigens can also be detected. Such immunization thus results largely in antisera that possess multiple specificities, but the amount of antibody directed toward each specific antigen varies from one antiserum to another. Advantage can be taken of these uneven responses by different animals, to enumerate the variety of responses to uniquely separable sets of determinants, by carefully selecting the antisera. In immunodiffusion studies, lines for such separable antigens can be sorted in an unambiguous manner. A total of five such antigens has now been found in kidney, three of which are kidney-specific and two of which are shared with liver. A sixth antigen, separable from liver, may be only a minor constituent of kidney, and was not directly detected in kidney extracts. It is important that fresh concentrated extracts of kidney homogenates be used. The detection of isoantigens requires concentrated extracts prepared from individual kidneys.
用肾脏提取物和弗氏佐剂对兔子进行同种免疫会导致对多种自身抗原产生反应。如果汇集大量肾脏，那么检测到针对同种抗原的反应的可能性就会增加。因此，这种免疫主要产生具有多种特异性的抗血清，但针对每种特定抗原的抗体量在不同抗血清之间有所不同。通过仔细选择抗血清，可以利用不同动物的这些不均匀反应来列举对独特可分离的决定簇集的反应种类。在免疫扩散研究中，可以以明确的方式对这些可分离抗原的条带进行分类。现已在肾脏中发现了总共五种这样的抗原，其中三种是肾脏特异性的，两种与肝脏共有。一种可与肝脏分离的第六种抗原可能只是肾脏的次要成分，在肾脏提取物中未直接检测到。使用新鲜浓缩的肾脏匀浆提取物很重要。同种抗原的检测需要从单个肾脏制备的浓缩提取物。
