Bruck S D
Int J Artif Organs. 1979 Jan;2(1):31-4.
A comparative analysis of smooth-surfaced synthetic materials, gels, especially those based on polyacrylamide, and polyester flocked surfaces indicate profound differences between these three types of materials when in contact with blood. Although many smooth-surface materials adsorb fibrinogen in vitro, several of these perform well in vivo without polymerization of fibrinogen to fibrin leading to clot-formation apparently because of enzymatic reactions in the physiological environment. Polyacrylamide hydrogels adsorb little plasma proteins, show negligible platelet adhesion and activation. In contrast, polyester flocked (fibril) surface deposit large quantites of fibrinogen that polymerizes to fibrin with entrapped formed blood elements (clot). The thickness of this layer is difficult to control and the build-up continues to a thickness up to approximately 400 to 600 micron depending on the species. The danger of clot-fragmentation and flock-detachment especially during flexing makes these rough surfaces inferior in blood-contacting application, in comparison to the best current synthetic smooth-surfaced biomaterials, hydrogels, and chemically modified natural tissue components.
对光滑表面合成材料、凝胶（尤其是基于聚丙烯酰胺的凝胶）和聚酯植绒表面进行的比较分析表明，这三种材料在与血液接触时存在显著差异。尽管许多光滑表面材料在体外会吸附纤维蛋白原，但其中一些在体内表现良好，不会使纤维蛋白原聚合成纤维蛋白导致血栓形成，这显然是由于生理环境中的酶促反应。聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶吸附的血浆蛋白很少，血小板粘附和活化可忽略不计。相比之下，聚酯植绒（原纤维）表面会沉积大量纤维蛋白原，这些纤维蛋白原会与截留的血液成分（血栓）聚合成纤维蛋白。这一层的厚度难以控制，根据物种不同，其堆积厚度可达约400至600微米。与目前最好的合成光滑表面生物材料、水凝胶和化学改性天然组织成分相比，尤其是在弯曲过程中，血栓破碎和植绒脱落的风险使得这些粗糙表面在血液接触应用中较差。
