Steer R A
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1979 Sep;4(5):399-406. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(79)90072-3.
Fifteen psychosocial characteristics of 300 male and 90 female heroin addicts admitted for inpatient detoxification, ambulatory detoxification, and methadone maintenance within the same multiphasic drug-abuse program were compared to determine whether or not their characteristics differentiated those seeking each type of treatment approach; there were 100 men and 30 women randomly drawn to represent each of the three approaches. Only two variables differed among the three approaches for both men and women--length of daily heroin use and educational attainment. The ambulatory detoxification patients had started using heroin daily at a later age than the inpatients who, in turn, had started using heroin daily at a later age than the methadone maintenance patients, and the ambulatory detoxification patients were more educated than the inpatients. The other variables differentiating the three approaches for each sex were discussed, and the conclusion was drawn that addicts with higher socioeconomic levels preferred ambulatory detoxification over methadone maintenance.
在同一个多阶段药物滥用项目中,对300名男性和90名女性海洛因成瘾者的15种心理社会特征进行了比较,这些成瘾者分别接受住院戒毒、门诊戒毒和美沙酮维持治疗,以确定他们的特征是否能区分寻求每种治疗方法的人;每种治疗方法随机抽取100名男性和30名女性作为代表。男性和女性的三种治疗方法中只有两个变量存在差异——每日海洛因使用时长和受教育程度。门诊戒毒患者开始每日使用海洛因的年龄比住院患者晚,而住院患者开始每日使用海洛因的年龄又比美沙酮维持治疗患者晚,且门诊戒毒患者比住院患者受教育程度更高。还讨论了区分每种性别的三种治疗方法的其他变量,并得出结论:社会经济水平较高的成瘾者比起美沙酮维持治疗更喜欢门诊戒毒。