Camporesi E M, Mortola J P, Sant'ambrogio F, Sant'ambrogio G
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1979 Nov;47(5):1123-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1979.47.5.1123.
Two types of sensory receptors were individually identified in dogs on the exposed mucosa of the extrathoracic trachea: slowly adapting stretch receptors (SAR) and rapidly adapting receptors (RAR). Increasing concentrations of lidocaine (L), bupivacaine (B), and tetracaine (T) solutions were topically applied on the mucosa over the sensory fields of the receptors, while their neural activity in response to an appropriate stimulus was recorded. Action potentials from SARS were blocked by the anesthetic at a much higher concentration and with larger exposure times than potentials evoked from RARs (mean values: L = 51.1 mM for 7.4 min and 1.48 mM for 1.03 min, respectively; B = 9.4 mM for 9.4 min and 0.13 mM for 0.23 min; and T = 4.9 mM for 9.8 min and 0.06 mM for 2 min). The minimal blocking concentration of the topical anesthetics varied widely (L = 20 times, B = 5, and T = 5) among SARs and less (L = 3.2, B = 2, and T = 4) among RARs. These results could be explained by a different location in the mucosa of the two types of receptors and suggest the feasibility of a differential blockade by topical anesthetics.
慢适应性牵张感受器（SAR）和快适应性感受器（RAR）。将浓度不断增加的利多卡因（L）、布比卡因（B）和丁卡因（T）溶液局部应用于感受器感觉区域的黏膜上，同时记录它们对适当刺激的神经活动。与RAR诱发的动作电位相比，SARS的动作电位被麻醉剂阻断时的浓度要高得多，暴露时间也更长（平均值：L分别为51.1 mM，持续7.4分钟和1.48 mM，持续1.03分钟；B分别为9.4 mM，持续9.4分钟和0.13 mM，持续0.23分钟；T分别为4.9 mM，持续9.8分钟和0.06 mM，持续2分钟）。局部麻醉剂的最小阻断浓度在SAR之间差异很大（L为20倍，B为5倍，T为5倍），而在RAR之间差异较小（L为3.2倍，B为2倍，T为4倍）。这些结果可以通过两种感受器在黏膜中的不同位置来解释，并表明局部麻醉剂进行差异性阻断的可行性。
