Nathan R A, Kinsman R A, Spector S L, Horton D J
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1979 Dec;64(6 Pt 1):491-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(79)90058-7.
Bronchial inhalation challenges to histamine, methacholine, and at least one antigen were performed on 183 asthmatic patients who previously had received skin tests to at least 16 different antigens. Individuals with a positive skin test and a positive antigen inhalation challenge to the same antigen had lower thresholds of response to both histamine and methacholine. This pattern was statistically significant for mixed trees, mixed grasses, mixed molds, and house dust but not for mixed ragweed. For those individuals who had a negative antigen inhalation challenge, skin test reactivity (positive or negative) alone was not associated with a different threshold of response to histamine or methacholine. Also, a higher percentage of positive antigen inhalation challenges were seen in the group of individuals with a low threshold of response to both histamine and methacholine than in groups with either a moderate or high threshold of response to these chemical agents. The results imply that at least two factors are associated with a positive bronchial inhalation challenge to a specific antigen: nonspecific airways hyperreactivity, as indexed by a methacholine or histamine inhalation challenge, and a positive skin test.
对183名曾接受过至少16种不同抗原皮肤试验的哮喘患者进行了组胺、乙酰甲胆碱以及至少一种抗原的支气管吸入激发试验。皮肤试验呈阳性且对同一抗原的抗原吸入激发试验也呈阳性的个体，对组胺和乙酰甲胆碱的反应阈值较低。这种模式在混合树木、混合草类、混合霉菌和屋尘方面具有统计学意义，但在混合豚草方面则不然。对于那些抗原吸入激发试验呈阴性的个体，单独的皮肤试验反应性（阳性或阴性）与对组胺或乙酰甲胆碱的不同反应阈值无关。此外，与对这些化学试剂反应阈值为中度或高度的组相比，对组胺和乙酰甲胆碱反应阈值较低的个体组中，抗原吸入激发试验呈阳性的百分比更高。结果表明，至少有两个因素与针对特定抗原的支气管吸入激发试验呈阳性有关：以乙酰甲胆碱或组胺吸入激发试验为指标的非特异性气道高反应性，以及皮肤试验呈阳性。
