Putnoky J
J Psycholinguist Res. 1979 Nov;8(6):543-58. doi: 10.1007/BF01071182.
This article deals with relations between "mental motor" evoking capacity ("motority," Putnoky, 1975a, b) and the sensory and affective connotations, as well as certain denotations, of words. Sensory connotation is indexed by degree of visual, auditory, and tactual imagery, as assessed on a 7-point scale, while affective connotation is indexed by the usual three factors tapped by the semantic differential. The aspect of denotation used here is the abstractness value of words, also based on rating by scales. The general conclusions about motority are as follows: (1) the finding that its sensory connotations are mainly via the auditory modality of imagery, and especially in correlation with abstract words, suggests that it has a specific function that may have originated in the processing of heard language; (2) it correlates with the potency and activity factors of affective connation, which suggests the existence of a nonspecific function or component in it; (3) correlations with abstractness reflect that motority must have a denotative function or component, especially in case of abstract verbal stimuli. On the basis of the results, motority is supposed to play a regulative role at higher levels of the organization of word meaning in particular.
本文探讨了“心理运动”唤起能力（“运动性”，普特诺基，1975a，b）与词语的感官和情感内涵以及某些外延之间的关系。感官内涵通过视觉、听觉和触觉意象的程度来衡量，采用7分制进行评估，而情感内涵则通过语义差异法所涉及的通常三个因素来衡量。这里所使用的外延方面是词语的抽象度值，同样基于量表评分。关于运动性的总体结论如下：（1）其感官内涵主要通过听觉意象模态，尤其是与抽象词相关，这一发现表明它具有一种可能起源于对听到的语言进行加工的特定功能；（2）它与情感内涵的强度和活跃度因素相关，这表明其中存在一种非特定功能或成分；（3）与抽象度的相关性反映出运动性必定具有一种外延功能或成分，特别是在抽象言语刺激的情况下。基于这些结果，运动性尤其被认为在词语意义组织的更高层次上发挥调节作用。
