Lildholdt T, Courtois J, Kortholm B, Schou J W, Warrer H
Scand Audiol. 1979;8(2):117-20. doi: 10.3109/01050397909076310.
An epidemiological study of negative middle ear pressure in children made it possible to test its relationship to conductive hearing loss. About 350 children were subjected to a screening procedure recording audiogram and middle ear pressure five times during a 12-month period. Those children who failed to perceive just one tone or who had a middle ear pressure equal to or worse than -150 mmH2O in one or both ears were referred to the Hearing Clinic for conventional audiometry and middle ear pressure measurement each month. By computing the weighted average of the regressions for each child, a straight linear relationship was found between negative pressure and conductive hearing loss. In addition, a frequency dependence was found, the hearing loss being maximal at about 500 Hz. In general, the study shows that tympanometry is of limited value in predicting hearing loss in a child. The threshold for pathology of about -150 mmH2O, being a predisposing factor in secretory otitis media, corresponds to the upper confidence limit of the normal range of hearing loss found in this series. There is no distinct value of negative pressure that clearly distinguishes between normal and pathological condition, but it is concluded that a middle ear pressure worse than -150 mmH2O should be considered a probable hearing handicap.
一项关于儿童中耳负压的流行病学研究使得检验其与传导性听力损失之间的关系成为可能。在12个月的时间里，约350名儿童接受了一项筛查程序，该程序五次记录听力图和中耳压力。那些未能感知哪怕一个音调的儿童，或者一只或两只耳朵的中耳压力等于或低于-150 mmH₂O的儿童，每月被转诊至听力诊所进行常规听力测定和中耳压力测量。通过计算每个儿童回归的加权平均值，发现负压与传导性听力损失之间存在直线线性关系。此外，还发现了频率依赖性，听力损失在约500 Hz时最大。总体而言，该研究表明，鼓室图在预测儿童听力损失方面价值有限。约-150 mmH₂O的病理阈值是分泌性中耳炎的一个诱发因素，与本系列中发现的听力损失正常范围的上置信限相对应。没有明显的负压值能清楚地区分正常和病理状态，但得出的结论是，中耳压力低于-150 mmH₂O应被视为可能的听力障碍。
